does blood type affect covid vaccine side effects does blood type affect covid vaccine side effects

Common side effects included: tenderness at the injection site for 73% of participants. In both trials, the most commonly reported side effects within a week of injection were: Pain at the injection site, alongside redness and/or swelling Extended fatigue Headaches Widespread. Rare heart inflammation cases (around one in 6000) were reported in teenagers after their COVID-19 vaccination. Hemolysis is not increased with addition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 to PNH erythrocytes. "People with type O blood may be more susceptible to norovirus," said infectious disease expert Amesh A. Adalja, MD, senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. Although many vaccines can lead to hemolysis and thrombosis in PNH, this effect is mitigated in most patients on complement inhibitors. The spread of new variants can also increase the risk of reinfection. The other common side-effects the muscle aches, flu-like illness and fatigue are probably due to generalised activation of the immune system caused by the vaccine. This study reported descriptive epidemiology for many potential AESIs for safety follow-up of COVID-19 vaccines from a random Swedish population. The second study (also from October 2020) from researchers in Canada looked at data from 95 patients who were severely ill with COVID-19. Some people have been re-infected multiple times with the virus, while others appear to have avoided the virus entirely. Or, they suggest, perhaps the genes associated with blood type also have some effect on the ACE2 receptor, the protein that allows the SARS-CoV-2 virus to infect human cells. associate medical director of infection prevention at UCI Health and a professor at the University of California, Irvine, posits an analogy that this bivalent vaccine is like a riff on a standard brownie recipe: "You're going to have almost the same ingredients, and bake it for the same time at the same temperature but this time, instead of just chocolate chips, you add dark chocolate, too," she tells Good Housekeeping. Addition of 40% aNHS with various concentrations of the spike protein to type O-positive erythrocytes from a patient with PNH (49% PNH red blood cell clone: 25% type III and 24% type II cells) and type O-positive erythrocytes from a healthy control, incubated at 37C for 1 hour. Both federal health officials and leading virologists polled by Good Housekeeping for this article suggest that you should expect similar side effects this time around if you experienced them after earlier vaccinations. What Are Side Effects of the COVID-19 Vaccines? "Reassuring the public that everything is being done . That is not to say that there have never been safety issues with vaccines. In addition, his total bilirubin rose to 7.1 mg/dL from baseline 2.4 mg/dL. His symptoms resolved after 5 days. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. But if you understand how vaccines work, you'll know that experiencing a side effect isn't a sign that something's gone wrong. And as for your blood type: If you know you have type A or AB blood, this latest research isnt cause for terror, just as having type O blood doesnt mean you can skip the hand sanitizer and other safety measures. All in all, more than 1 million people were involved. Blood clot symptoms and when they're likely to occur. denotes no information is available; AST, aspartate amino transferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; N/A, not applicable; RBC red blood cell. One theory is that antibodies may play a role. However, according to the data, a tiny. Donnas note: Personally, I think these cautions are incomplete. My understanding is that people withTypeO blood are less susceptible than people with other blood types. In both trials, the most commonly reported side effects within a week of injection were: According to current FDA publications, there's also a chance that swelling may occur in lymph nodes within the same arm as the injection site. People may. In both clinical trials, the most commonly reported side effects within seven days of receiving the shot were: Pain. The posts claim that the FDA warns that death is a side effect of the COVID-19 vaccines. There are some theories on why there could be a link: Your red blood cells are covered with molecules that are known as antigens, Thomas Russo, MD, professor and chief of infectious disease at the University at Buffalo, told Health. This news story has not been updated since the date shown. As a result, our understanding of the connection to blood type continues to evolve. Common (not rare) side effects of COVID-19 vaccine. However, while the AstraZeneca jab uses a chimpanzee cold virus, the J&J jab uses a human cold virus to do so. Can COVID-19 Cause Diabetes? should be listed as a very rare side-effect of the vaccine, adults under the age of 30 should be offered alternative Covid vaccines, under way into the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Covid jab. If not, you can order an inexpensive kit to test your blood at home by pricking your finger to get a small blood sample, which you can then mix with antibodies to the A and B antigens that come on the card. The US Food and Drug Administration has recommended pausing use of the jab while J&J has announced it would proactively delay the rollout of our vaccine in Europe. Its not obvious why this should be perhaps younger people have a much more robust reaction to the priming by the first dose, said Read. loss of smell. And people with some blood disorders like sickle cell disease are resistant to malaria, added Dr. Adalja. Following incubation at 37C for 1 hour, absorbance at 405 nm was measured in the cell-free supernatants. There's no need to worry about any of the flu-like symptoms. D-dimer was elevated to 0.73 g/mL fibrinogen-equivalent units from 0.21 g/mL. For the most up-to-date information on COVID-19, please visit online resources provided by the CDC, WHO, and your local public health department. Visit the MHRA Yellow Card report for the latest data on the reported side effects of Covid-19 vaccines. In addition to the lungs, blood clots, including those associated with COVID-19, can also harm: The nervous system. But how? 1 vaccines. The reduction in risk appeared to be about 9 to 18 percent for people with an O blood type compared with other blood types, among which there was little difference in susceptibility. In patients with PNH on complement inhibition, strong complement-amplifying conditions such as infection, surgery, or pregnancy may trigger pharmacodynamic breakthrough (as previously defined by Risitano et al).12 Complement-amplifying conditions lead to C3b accumulation on the cell surface; at high densities of C3b, C5 can assume a conformational change, disrupting the ability of eculizumab to inhibit terminal complement.13,14 Hemolysis following COVID-19 vaccination, which occurred in 3 patients on ravulizumab, suggests pharmacodynamic breakthrough. But recently, the genetics company 23andMe revealed preliminary data from their own study showing that a persons blood type, which is determined by the ABO gene, appears to affect susceptibility to coronavirus. - And More, Close more info about Type O and Rh-Negative Blood Type Protective Against COVID-19, Reproductive Organ Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections, Association between ABO and Rh blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19 illness. 25 Carleton Street Search for other works by this author on: Complement associated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 infection: a report of five cases. But because reinfection is possible and COVID-19 can cause severe medical complications, it's recommended that people who have already had COVID-19 get a COVID-19 vaccine. For the AstraZeneca jab, it seems such side-effects are more common after the first shot. Some people experience a little discomfort and can continue to go about their day. Data collected by the FDA for earlier bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccines suggests that these shots successfully provided immunogenicity (a boost to your immunity!) When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. The risk for individuals for Type O blood appeared to be significantly lower, just 26 percent of the cases versus 34 percent of the healthy control group. In populations at high-risk for exposure, such as healthcare workers, essential workers, and people exposed to a known case of the disease, the O blood type had an even greater protective effect, reducing the risk of acquiring the virus by 19 percent. Side effects may even feel like flu and might affect your ability to do daily. "The data that was already generated from the bivalent BA.1 vaccine, the human data, really gave the FDA the confidence that they could approach approving this new bivalent shot," Dr. Martinello says, adding that this kind of approval system is similar to the annual flu vaccine. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Jason DelCollo, DO, is a board-certified medicine physician and associate faculty member at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. COVID vaccines may have some side effects. "It'll be intriguing to see what we learn from this new study.". Some of the blood clots were an unusual type of blood clot in blood vessels that drain blood from the brain called a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). The first is called the innate response and includes that chemical fire alarm. Muscle pain. "We are learning a lot about coronavirus infection and the impact it has on the heart and vascular system," says Dr. Anderson. As seen in patients 3 and 6, a proximal complement inhibitor, such as danicopan, may prevent breakthrough hemolysis precipitated by the vaccine; however, it is equally possible that the stronger immune response after the second vaccine dose was primarily responsible for the breakthrough hemolysis in patient 3. Erythrocyte lysis with addition of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1. VITT seems to occur five to 13 days after vaccination with the J&J or AstraZeneca-Oxford shots - after the normal vaccine side effects have . What is more, they note that for most people the risk posed by Covid is much greater than the chance of serious harm from a Covid jab, and that Covid itself can cause dangerous blood clots. You shouldnt panic if you have Type A blood, and you shouldnt feel complacent if youre Type O. The work described baseline rates of the AESIs . In large clinical trials, most side effects have been minor. Do COVID-19 vaccines and boosters raise your blood sugar? The question researchers are trying to answer is why blood type matters. Zee Krstic is a health editor for Good Housekeeping, where he covers health and nutrition news, decodes diet and fitness trends and reviews the best products in the wellness aisle. According to Public Health England, most side-effects from two Covid vaccines - Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford/AstraZeneca - are mild and short-lived. Vaccine side effects show up within weeks if at all. Quite a bit of research has been published on the topic of blood type and its role in determining COVID-19 risk. "At the end of the day, we're still not sure if blood type makes a difference," said Dr. Russo. Patients 2, 3, and 4 experienced severe hemolysis with 2 to 4 g/dL hemoglobin decrease. "Some rare side effects such as myocarditis and pericarditis have been shown to be even less common with subsequent booster doses compared to the primary series second dose shot," she adds. 244 Wood Street Notably, she took danicopan throughout her first vaccination and did not experience breakthrough hemolysis. Post-vaccine symptoms are typically mild and resolve quickly without the need to use any medication. Similar figures were true for Moderna recipients, as 59% of patients indicated they'd experienced fatigue after their shot, but only 4% reported it at a severe level. A side effect or reaction isn't necessarily all bad, by the way; it may indicate that the body is building protection against the virus. Please login or register first to view this content. Each jar of cultured veggies you make is brimming with immune-boosting potential. Side effects in adults 60+ after Johnson & Johnson vaccine Pain at injection site (33.3%) Read More Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines Some people have no side effects. Dr. Susan R. Bailey, an allergist, immunologist and president of the American Medical Association, said side effects develop because your immune system is reacting to the vaccine. While it's not a hard-and-fast rule, CDC officers have made recommendations to Americans to consider delaying receiving this bivalent booster vaccine at least three months from the date of your last COVID-19 infection. You might run a fever and experience body aches, headaches and tiredness for a day or two. Complement has emerged as a likely driver of the immune response and end-organ damage in COVID-19. There's no known connection between blood types and side effects from COVID-19 vaccines. Feeling tired. Dr. Gundry and her team continue to investigate how heart injuries caused by COVID-19 developand the impact of red blood cells on the infection. These acute stressors are like a "treadmill test for the pancreas," and the pancreas fails. With more research, we may one day have a clearer understanding of the connection between COVID-19 and different blood types. But it's interesting to note that the severity of side effects caused by bivalent vaccines were reported as less severe; Pfizer's clinical trial found that less than 1% of patients experienced severe pain or headaches, whereas a majority of participants (52%) reported only mild pain at the injection site. These studies are fascinating from a scientific perspective, but at this point, they have no practical implications for the way we live our lives and the precautions we should be taking to protect others and ourselves. But, overall, the link between blood type, genes, and infection risk is a growing area of research. The study found that patients with blood types A and AB were found to be more likely to require mechanical ventilation and to require dialysis for kidney failure. The company commissioned a huge study, even recruiting people outside of their already massive 23andMe genetics database. Those receiving a bivalent booster and notice side effects within a week of injection are recommended to do the following by CDC officials: Dr. Brown believes that this will not be the last time a new booster vaccine is offered to the American public in fact, experts are projecting that annual vaccines against the spread of COVID-19 may become commonplace soon. Side effects after getting a #COVID19 vaccine are normal signs your body is building protection. Experts aren't expecting a dramatic shift in side effects triggered by new COVID-19 bivalent booster vaccines targeted toward Omicron spread. The media is not telling us to strengthen our immune systems or provide us with information on how to do this. Reactions occurred from the day of administration to 5 days later and lasted 1 to 6 days. It may also offer a little more peace of mind if youre exposed or do get infected. Type O individuals have anti-A and anti-B antibodies, while type A individuals only have one kind: anti-B antibodies. On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . You'll notice that all of these side effects warnings are the same that came with original vaccine formulations. Similarly, type B individuals only have anti-A antibodies. The studys primary outcome was SARS-CoV-2 infection. What should you have on hand at home? A Vancouver study revealed people with blood types A, B or AB had worse outcomes than others. Following his second dose, he noted fevers, diarrhea, vomiting, severe fatigue, and dark urine. This information is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional or any information contained on or in any product label or packaging. His last dose of ravulizumab was 4 weeks prior to vaccination. Neither Donna Gates nor Body Ecology, Inc., nor the publisher of this content takes responsibility for possible health consequences of any person or persons reading or following the information in this educational content. Investigations are also under way into the Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Covid jab amid concerns it may be linked to a similar blood-clotting problem: so far six cases of CVST with low platelets have been reported amid 6.8m doses of the vaccine given in the US, all of which were in women aged between 18 and 48. The data came from critically ill patients at two Vancouver hospitals, where 84 percent of those with blood type A or AB needed intubation and ventilation compared to just 61 percent of those with O or B type blood. Those two factors make up the eight most common blood types: A+, A-, B+, B-, O+, O-, AB+, and AB-. Common Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine side effects may include: fever, chills; redness or a hardness and swelling where the shot was given; swelling or tenderness under your arm; nausea, vomiting; feeling tired; or. Wondering what to do with other vaccines? Secondary outcome results indicated that type O blood group had an aRR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.97) for severe COVID-19 illness and death versus all other blood groups and Rh- status had an aRR of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.680.96) compared to Rh+ status. What does available data suggest about any side effects of a bivalent booster compared to a primary COVID-19 vaccine or earlier boosters administered in 2021? GWAS is a methodology used in genetics research to identify specific genetic variations associated with particular diseases. "Masks are important because they filter out some of the virus and decreases the viral load, which makes the infection less severe," says Dr. Anderson. The question of a possible relationship between blood type and disease risk has been a topic of active research since early in the pandemic. Recent data suggest the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds heparan sulfate on nucleated cells9 and amplifies the alternative pathway of complement through interference with the binding of CFH, an alternative pathway inhibitor.5 However, CFH primarily binds sialic acid on human erythrocytes,10 and mature erythrocytes express little heparan sulfate.11. This "Covid arm" rash can be red, itchy, swollen, or painful. You also shouldn't expect a lighter immune response, either. Positive tests: Isolation, quarantine, and re-testing FAQ. Although many vaccines can lead to hemolysis and thrombosis in PNH, this effect is mitigated in most patients on complement inhibitors.15 Ravulizumab, a new C5 inhibitor with a half-life 4 times longer than eculizumab, is reported to have significantly fewer instances of pharmacokinetic breakthrough hemolysis.16 Furthermore, 3 instances of breakthrough hemolysis occurred 4 weeks from the last ravulizumab infusion, making suboptimal C5 inhibition unlikely. She missed 2 doses of danicopan immediately after her second vaccination due to concerns that the drug may interfere with vaccine potency; therefore, danicopan was not at therapeutic levels at the time of her reaction. Fatigue. For all four vaccines, pain at the injection site. headache, muscle pain, joint pain. This seems to be an issue with DNA adenovirus vector vaccines the biology of which is yet to be fully understood, said Prof Saad Shakir, director of the independent Drug Safety Research Unit. A bigail, a 29-year-old from New York City who asked to use a pseudonym to preserve her privacy, knew to expect some side effects after she got her second Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in . People with the O blood type (whether O positive or O negative) had a lower incidence of COVID-19 positive tests. An infection with a lower viral load makes a positive difference in clinical infection in all people. Some less common side effects include nausea and swollen lymph nodes (especially in the armpit). Patient 1 is a 25-year-old man diagnosed with PNH 6 months prior in the setting of hemoglobinuria and had limited disease manifestations not requiring PNH-directed therapy. "There's a fairly decent amount of existing literature beyond SARS-CoV-2" that certain blood types can play a role in disease risk and severity, says Joel Ray, M.D., a clinician scientist and professor at St. Michael's . These include soreness where the jab was given, feeling tired or achy and headaches. However, experts say it is too soon to be sure the J&J jab is causing the blood-clotting problem, and even if it is, the risk is very low. Gundry and Anderson and their collaborators have been collecting and studying blood and tissue samples for this collaborative research. MIT Medical answers your COVID-19 questions. Results also indicated the aRR for SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher in patients with AB blood type compared with type A. Rh- status seemed protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection with an aRR of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.73-0.85) and an ARD of -6.8 per 1,000 (95% CI, -8.9 to -4.7). None of these patients were previously transfused in the past year. "This is a similar process that we go through with our annual influenza vaccination.". For some people, the second [] It was through these findings, that the Danish researchers suggested: "That blood group O is significantly associated with reduced susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.". And if you didn't experience any side effects at all during your initial vaccine series or from the boosters after, there's a good chance you won't this time around, either. - Full-Length Features "These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they . Pain can be managed with acetaminophen, like Tylenol, or ibuprofen, Litwack said. Four of 6 patients reported fever. By signing up, you are consenting to receive electronic messages from Nebraska Medicine. Information contained in this story may be outdated. The blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (57% vs. 38%, P < 0.001; OR: 2.1). S1 did not increase hemolysis of PNH erythrocytes as compared with aNHS alone (Figure 1). As more information about the coronavirus pandemic develops, some of the information in this story may have changed since it was last updated. Early in the pandemic, two studies published in the Blood Advances journal in October 2020 showed a possible link between blood type and vulnerability to COVID-19. Headache. Both use cold viruses that cannot replicate to deliver instructions for making the coronavirus spike protein into human cells: the cells then produce the protein, triggering an immune response. Conflict-of-interest disclosure: R.A.B. "We still do not understand all the factors at play," said Anupama Nehra, MD, an assistant professor at the Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and clinical director of hematology-oncology at Rutgers Cancer Institute at University Hospital. All vaccines could cause some degree of reaction, and the same is true for COVID-19 vaccines. But you shouldn't be worried about any increase in side effects here, Dr. Martinello explains, as FDA regulators have seen a similar bivalent booster vaccine made by Pfizer and BioNTech for the "stealth" Omicron variant that spread rampantly last winter and those bivalent boosters were extensively studied before they were rolled out. Always speak with your physician or other healthcare professional before taking any medication or nutritional, herbal, or homeopathic supplement, or using any treatment for a health problem. Fatigue. While this doesnt mean a free pass for anyone with a less susceptible blood type, it might help begin to solve some mysteries over why the coronavirus has more devastating effects on some individuals but not others. Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. Blood types can also serve as receptors for viruses and bacteria, and that could be another factor, explained Dr. Russo, there may be some other, completely different component of type O blood that works to prevent infection. Lexington, MA 02421. "Half of it is the same as the original vaccine," explains Richard Martinello, M.D., the medical director of infection prevention at Yale New Haven Health System. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011548. Read said: Usually if you have experienced a natural infection in this case with the coronavirus and are then challenged with something that looks quite similar in this case the vaccine an efficient immune system responds very quickly to the second challenge.. According to Public Health England, most side-effects from two Covid vaccines Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford/AstraZeneca are mild and short-lived. Patients were identified based on self-report of receiving the vaccine. Register for free and gain unlimited access to: - Clinical News, with personalized daily picks for you Patient characteristics and reactions to the COVID-19 vaccines are shown in Table 1. Does your blood type affect COVID vaccine side effects? Remember that 70 percent of your immune system is determined by the microbiome in your gut.8 At Body Ecology, we promote the use of certain (but not all) fermented foods to not only nourish you but to nourish your gut and immune system as well. Local Side Effects You may experience pain, redness, and swelling where you got the shot. These include: chills fatigue fever. That's because of a particular type of antibody they make that attacks other red blood cells. 4. fatigue for 50% of the participants. Here's What You Need to Know, People With Food Allergies May Have Lower Risk of COVID-19 Infection, What To Do About a Lingering Cough After COVID, New Omicron Booster Side Effects: What to Expect From the Bivalent Vaccines. If any of these side effects occur, they should go away in a few days. Gloria F. Gerber, Xuan Yuan, Jia Yu, Benjamin A. Y. Cher, Evan M. Braunstein, Shruti Chaturvedi, Robert A. Brodsky; COVID-19 vaccines induce severe hemolysis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine is available under EUA to prevent COVID-19 in individuals 18 years of age and older for whom other FDA-authorized or approved COVID-19 vaccines are not accessible or . Patients with type O and rhesus negative (Rh-) blood groups may have a lower risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness, according to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The first hint of a possible relationship came in March, from researchers in China, who compared nearly 2,200 hospitalized COVID-19 patients to a control group of approximately 27,000 healthy individuals. I have read that people with certainbloodtypes are more susceptible to contracting COVID-19. There have been multiple studies on blood types and COVID-19 risk. Patient 2 is a 45-year-old man with a 20-year history of PNH. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, contact your healthcare provider promptly. It's been called COVID. For A and AB groups, the stay was 13.5 days. We also present 2 patients with PNH who received the vaccine without significant adverse effects or hemolysis. This is called a breakthrough infection. pain upon and after vaccination for 60% of participants. Using this data, 23andMe launched their COVID-19 Severity Calculator last year. This variant is associated with a 12-percent reduced odds ratio of testing positive for COVID-19.1. "The other half is focused on the new sub-variants that have been causing nearly all the disease we've been seeing over the past few months.".